Marketing flashcards, generated for you.

Product (what you sell), Price (cost), Place (distribution), Promotion (advertising). Example: Apple's iPhone is premium-priced, sold in Apple Stores and carriers, promoted via sleek ads.

Dividing a broader market into smaller groups with similar needs/characteristics. Example: Nike segments by athlete type (runners, basketball players, casual wearers) with different shoe lines.

The unique benefit a product offers that competitors don't. Example: Slack's value proposition is 'replace email and scattered tools with one unified workspace.'

Introduction → Growth → Maturity → Decline. Example: Smartphones were in Growth (2010–2015), now in Maturity with slower sales and focus on features over adoption.

How you want customers to perceive your brand relative to competitors. Example: Volvo positions as 'safety leader' while Ferrari positions as 'performance and luxury.'

Market Penetration (sell more to current market), Product Development (new products to current market), Market Development (current products to new markets), Diversification (new products, new markets). Example: Netflix used Market Development expanding from US to 190+ countries.

The overall perception, reputation, and emotional connection customers have with a company. Example: Apple's brand implies innovation, premium quality, and design excellence—not just computers.

CAC is the cost to gain one customer; LTV is total profit from that customer over time. Healthy ratio is LTV:CAC ≥ 3:1. Example: A SaaS acquiring a customer for $500 with $2,000 LTV is sustainable.

Inbound attracts customers through content (blogs, SEO, social media). Outbound pushes messages to customers (ads, cold email, billboards). Example: HubSpot uses inbound blogs; traditional car dealers use outbound TV ads.

ROI = (Revenue from marketing - Marketing cost) / Marketing cost × 100%. Example: Spend $10K on ads generating $50K revenue = ($50K - $10K) / $10K × 100% = 400% ROI.