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Example Docker flashcards
What does Docker do at a high level?
Docker packages applications and their dependencies into containers—isolated, lightweight units that run consistently across any environment (dev, staging, production).
What is the difference between a Docker image and a container?
An image is a read-only blueprint/template; a container is a running instance of that image with its own isolated filesystem, processes, and network.
What command builds a Docker image from a Dockerfile?
`docker build -t <image-name>:<tag> <path>` (e.g., `docker build -t myapp:1.0 .`)
What command runs a container from an image?
`docker run [OPTIONS] <image>` (e.g., `docker run -d -p 8080:3000 --name mycontainer myapp:1.0`)
What do the flags `-d`, `-p`, and `--name` do in `docker run`?
`-d` = detached (background), `-p <host>:<container>` = port mapping, `--name` = assign container name
What is Docker Compose and when do you use it?
A tool to define and run multi-container applications using a `docker-compose.yml` file; useful for local dev and services that depend on each other (app + database + cache).
What command starts services defined in docker-compose.yml?
`docker-compose up` (add `-d` for detached mode; use `docker-compose down` to stop and remove containers)
What does a `.dockerignore` file do?
Specifies files/directories to exclude from the Docker build context, reducing image size and build time (similar to `.gitignore`).
What is the difference between COPY and ADD in a Dockerfile?
COPY is preferred: copies files from host to container. ADD also supports URLs and auto-extracts tar files—use it only when you need those features.
What is a Docker volume and why use it?
A persistent data storage mechanism that survives container deletion. Use volumes to preserve databases, logs, and user data; mount with `-v <volume-name>:<path>` or `docker volume create`.
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